[ Chapter 1] Profit and Loss (Math Solution )
Solved Examples
Question 1:
An article is purchased for Rs. 450 and sold for Rs. 500. Find the gain percent.
एक वस्तु 450 मे खरीदी जाती है और 500 मे बेची जाती हैं लाभ प्रतिशत मे ज्ञात किजिए
Answer:
Gain = SP – CP = 500 – 450 = 50.
Gain% = (50/450)*100 = 100/9 %
Question 2:
A man bought some toys at the rate of 10 for Rs. 40 and sold them at 8 for Rs. 35. Find his gain or loss percent.
एक आदमी ने कुछ खिलौनों को 40 मे 10 के मुल्य का खरीदा और 35 मे 8 के दर से बेच दिया लाभ या हानि ज्ञात किजिए
Answer :
Cost price of 10 toys = Rs. 40 → CP of 1 toy = Rs. 4.
Selling price of 8 toys = Rs. 35 → SP of 1 toy = Rs. 35/8
Therefore, Gain = 35/8 – 4 = 3/8.
Gain percent = (3/8)/4 * 100 = 9.375%
Question 3:
A man sold a fan for Rs. 465. Find the cost price if he incurred a loss of 7%.
एक आदमी एक पंखे को 465 मे बेचा अगर उसने 7% हानि पर बेची तो क्रय मुल्य ज्ञात किजिए.
Answer :
CP = [100 / (100 – Loss %)] * SP
Therefore, the cost price of the fan = (100/93)*465 = Rs. 500
Question 4:
The cost price of 10 pens is the same as the selling price of n pens. If there is a loss of 40%, approximately what is the value of n?
10 पेन का क्रय मूल्य उतना ही है जितना n पेन का विक्रय मुल्य अगर 40% का घाटा होता है तो n की वैल्यू क्या है
Answer :
Let the price of each pen be Re. 1.
Then the cost price of n pens is Rs. n and
the selling price of n pens is Rs. 10.
Loss = n-10.
Loss of 40% → (loss/CP)*100 = 40
Therefore, [(n-10)/n]*100 = 40 → n = 17 (approx)
Question 5:
A shopkeeper offers a discount of 20% on the selling price. On a special sale day, he offers an extra 25% off coupon after the first discount. If the article was sold for Rs. 3600, find
The marked price of the article and
The cost price if the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 80% on the whole after all discounts are applied.
एक दुकानदार 20% की छूट देता है विक्रय मुल्य पर स्पेशल दिन पर 25% एक्स्ट्रा छूट ऑफर किया पहले छूट पर अगर वस्तु 3600 मे बेची जाती हैं तो
वस्तु का मुल्य पता किजिए और अगर सारे छूट के बाद भी दुकानदार 80% का लाभ कमाता है तो क्रय मुल्य ज्ञात किजिए
Answer :
Let the marked price of the article be x.
First a 20% discount was offered, on which another 25% discount was offered.
So, 75% of 80% of x = 3600
75/100 * 80/100 * x = 3600 → x = 6000.
So the article was marked at Rs. 6000.
Cost price of the article = [100/(100+80)]*3600 = Rs. 2000
Question 6:
A man bought two bicycles for Rs. 2500 each. If he sells one at a profit of 5%, then how much should he sell the other so that he makes a profit of 20% on the whole?
एक आदमी ने दो साइकिल खरीदी हर साइकल 2500 मे अगर एक को 5% लाभ मे बेच दिया तथा उसे दुसरी साइकिल कितने मे बेचनी चाहिये कि उसे पूरा 20% लाभ हो
Answer
Before we start, it’s important to note here that it is not 15% to be added to 5% to make it a total of 20%.
Let the other profit percent be x.
Then, our equation looks like this.
105/100 * 2500 + [(100+x)/100] * 2500 = 120/100 * 5000 → x= 35.
Hence, if he makes a profit of 35% on the second, it comes to a total of 20% profit on the whole.
Question 7:
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Question 8:
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Question 9:
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Question 10:
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Solved Examples
Question 1:
An article is purchased for Rs. 450 and sold for Rs. 500. Find the gain percent.
एक वस्तु 450 मे खरीदी जाती है और 500 मे बेची जाती हैं लाभ प्रतिशत मे ज्ञात किजिए
Answer:
Gain = SP – CP = 500 – 450 = 50.
Gain% = (50/450)*100 = 100/9 %
Question 2:
A man bought some toys at the rate of 10 for Rs. 40 and sold them at 8 for Rs. 35. Find his gain or loss percent.
एक आदमी ने कुछ खिलौनों को 40 मे 10 के मुल्य का खरीदा और 35 मे 8 के दर से बेच दिया लाभ या हानि ज्ञात किजिए
Answer :
Cost price of 10 toys = Rs. 40 → CP of 1 toy = Rs. 4.
Selling price of 8 toys = Rs. 35 → SP of 1 toy = Rs. 35/8
Therefore, Gain = 35/8 – 4 = 3/8.
Gain percent = (3/8)/4 * 100 = 9.375%
Question 3:
A man sold a fan for Rs. 465. Find the cost price if he incurred a loss of 7%.
एक आदमी एक पंखे को 465 मे बेचा अगर उसने 7% हानि पर बेची तो क्रय मुल्य ज्ञात किजिए.
Answer :
CP = [100 / (100 – Loss %)] * SP
Therefore, the cost price of the fan = (100/93)*465 = Rs. 500
Question 4:
The cost price of 10 pens is the same as the selling price of n pens. If there is a loss of 40%, approximately what is the value of n?
10 पेन का क्रय मूल्य उतना ही है जितना n पेन का विक्रय मुल्य अगर 40% का घाटा होता है तो n की वैल्यू क्या है
Answer :
Let the price of each pen be Re. 1.
Then the cost price of n pens is Rs. n and
the selling price of n pens is Rs. 10.
Loss = n-10.
Loss of 40% → (loss/CP)*100 = 40
Therefore, [(n-10)/n]*100 = 40 → n = 17 (approx)
Question 5:
A shopkeeper offers a discount of 20% on the selling price. On a special sale day, he offers an extra 25% off coupon after the first discount. If the article was sold for Rs. 3600, find
The marked price of the article and
The cost price if the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 80% on the whole after all discounts are applied.
एक दुकानदार 20% की छूट देता है विक्रय मुल्य पर स्पेशल दिन पर 25% एक्स्ट्रा छूट ऑफर किया पहले छूट पर अगर वस्तु 3600 मे बेची जाती हैं तो
वस्तु का मुल्य पता किजिए और अगर सारे छूट के बाद भी दुकानदार 80% का लाभ कमाता है तो क्रय मुल्य ज्ञात किजिए
Answer :
Let the marked price of the article be x.
First a 20% discount was offered, on which another 25% discount was offered.
So, 75% of 80% of x = 3600
75/100 * 80/100 * x = 3600 → x = 6000.
So the article was marked at Rs. 6000.
Cost price of the article = [100/(100+80)]*3600 = Rs. 2000
Question 6:
A man bought two bicycles for Rs. 2500 each. If he sells one at a profit of 5%, then how much should he sell the other so that he makes a profit of 20% on the whole?
एक आदमी ने दो साइकिल खरीदी हर साइकल 2500 मे अगर एक को 5% लाभ मे बेच दिया तथा उसे दुसरी साइकिल कितने मे बेचनी चाहिये कि उसे पूरा 20% लाभ हो
Answer
Before we start, it’s important to note here that it is not 15% to be added to 5% to make it a total of 20%.
Let the other profit percent be x.
Then, our equation looks like this.
105/100 * 2500 + [(100+x)/100] * 2500 = 120/100 * 5000 → x= 35.
Hence, if he makes a profit of 35% on the second, it comes to a total of 20% profit on the whole.
Question 7:
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Question 10:
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